Series: Occasional Papers. 2511.
Author: Alejandro González Fraga, Aitor Lacuesta Gabarain, José María Labeaga Azcona, María de los Llanos Matea Rosa, Soledad Robles Romero, María Valkov Lorenzo and Sergio Vela Ortiz.
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Abstract
The deployment of charging point infrastructure for electric vehicles is key to reducing CO2 emissions. Compared with other European countries, Spain is lagging behind both in the take-up of electric vehicles and the deployment of charging points. In the third quarter of 2024 there were around 38,000 public access charging points in operation in Spain. This figure is far short of the 80,000-110,000 charging points set as a target for 2023 in the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan and the estimated 500,000 needed to meet the targets set in the National Integrated Energy and Climate Plan for 2030. This paper seeks to analyse the relationships between the different actors in the electric vehicle charging value chain. Based on the database of the Ministry for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge (MITECO), the relationship between electricity distribution companies and charging point operators has been studied, observing that charging point operators have a greater presence in areas where the main electricity distribution company belongs to the same business group. However, this result could be due to an overrepresentation of charging point operators that belong to the main distribution companies in the MITECO database, which is incomplete. It will, therefore, be important to revisit this link once the database includes all charging point operators. ANFAC data allow us to analyse the relationship between service station charging point operators and service station owners, showing a certain vertical relationship that seems to have become more pronounced during the implementation of the obligation requiring service stations with higher tumover to install at least one charging point.